The notion that all the technological invention took place in the modern era took a jolt when digital imagery and X-ray tomography analysis of the 'Anti-kythera' were released.

What is Anti-kythera?
The object was found in 1902 near the Greek Island and belonged to a ship wreck that occurred in the Roman era. It has been under study ever since and the latest discovery will force the scientist to have a fresh at the artifacts of the Roman era.
In the digital imagery and X-ray tomography it was found that this artifact had two dials one in front and other at back which were hand-cranked to predict eclipses and other astronomical phenomenon. This construction by the Romans supersedes their earlier known gadgets.
All the gears were hand made and according to Mike Edmunds of the United Kingdom's Cardiff University,
"The actual design is superb, almost jaw-dropping."
He further guesses that the ship might be on its way from Rohde Island to Rome when it sank.
These scans have doubled the number of inscription on this object and it was through these inscription's that this breakthrough was made.
The mechanism is now at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens.
Via: USAtoday