ESitar is an Electronic Sitar that has digitizing sensors positioned to traditional Sitar Technique that converts human musical gestures to a machine readable binary code.

The ESitar is the world's first digitized Indian String Instrument. The ESitar combines a whole family of sensing technology and signal processing methods.
The System senses the fret number, which is depressed, the pluck time, thumb pressure and the performers head tilt.
All the technology is centered on an Atmel ATMega16 microcontroller.
Via: makezine